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ITINERARIES TERME DI CARACALLA 
The "Thermal baths of Caracalla", or "Antoniniane", constitutes one of the hugest imperial examples of terme,
being still conserved for great free part of their structure and from modern buildings, and was intentional
from Caracalla emperor and constructed in Rome between the 212 and the 217.Polemio Silvio, in V the century, cited to them like one of the seven wonders of Rome, famous for the wealth of their decoration and the works that they embellished to them. For their realization a special branch of the Water was created in the 212 March, one of the aqueducts of ancient Rome, the Aqua Antoniniana, that it exceeded the Way Appia on the Arc of Druso. The external fencing was instead work of the two emperors of the dynasty of the Strict ones, Eliogabalo and Strict Alexander. Different restoration jobs were realized from Aureliano, Diocleziano and Teodorico. As a result of the cut of the aqueducts to work of Vitige, king of the Goti, beginning from the 537 terme stopped to work. The thermal baths of Caracalla could receive more than 1.500 persons. In its wider extension, comprised fencing, the building measured 337 meters x 328, and the single body centers 220 meters x 114. The external fencing was constituted from a porch, of which most insufficient rests are conserved. On the bottom side, "esedra" (a covered semicircular space) crushed, fortified of gradinate, hid the enormous reserviors, that abilities to 80.000 liters had one. To sides of it there were two knows them absidate used after libraries. An elevated walk followed the fencing on the inner side and probably was in its turn portico. Thermal baths of Caracalla.Lo the space comprised between the fencing and the body centers was occupied from green areas. The access to the body centers happened through four doors, than they made a squared atmosphere, perhaps the apodyterium (the dressing room). Here it began the distance of the bath, with the sportswomen of varoius kind, that they could be carried out in the open air to the shelter. A rectangular room, characterized from small oblique incomes, that they concurred to avoid the dispersion of the heat, was the laconicum (Turkish bath); from here it was arrived to the calidarium, a large one knows it circular, of 34 meters of diameter, with to the center one great circular warm water bathtub. The distance end described here could be completed also in the other half of the building, perfectly identical. The distance continued more, not divided but only, in the tepidarium, a smaller and moderated atmosphere. Through the frigidarium in the hall they centers, of basilican shape, the bath finished in the natatio, the swimming pool in the open air. To the center of the two rectangular atmospheres that flanked short sides of the frigidarium they were, probably, placed the two bathtubs of granito red-use for the Fontanas of Farnese public square. Other bathtubs recovered from the complex find hour in the courtyard of the Lookout (Museums Vaticans). Four columns of granito, instead, decorated the natatio: the only column survived is found, from 1563, in the public square of Trinita Saint in Florence. Other works of art were recovered in the course of the diggings happened in several ages, but above all in XVI the century: the three enormous Farnese sculptures, the Taurus, the Flora and the Ercole, hour to national the archaeological Museum of Naples; the mosaic with athletes, uncovered in 1824, hour to the Museums Vaticans. In 1901 and the 1912 the basements were freed, job that continued in 1938, when the mitreo was discovered, the greatest example known to Rome. For all the second half of XX the century the central part of the terme is used for theatre concerts and shows in open air and in particular for the summer season of the Work of Rome. In the 2000 complex has been freed from the added structures for the shows. -> back Other information on Wikipedia - The free encyclpedia |